Ltjdwig baier



AM. PHOTO-UTM). CO. N-Y- (USBDINES PROCESS.)

UNITED STATES PATEN OFFICE.

LUDWIG BAIER, OF PITTSBURGH, PENSYLVANIAfASSIGNOR TO JOSEPH LIPPINCOTT ANDA INM.` C. BA-RR, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA:

LOCK.

specification of Letters` Patent-1 No. 17,?14, date@ June 3o, 1857.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, LUDWIG BAIER, of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Safe-Locks ,T and I hereby declare that thefollbwi'ng isa full, clear, and exact descri tion ofthe construction and operation o the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making' a art of this specification, in whichigure 1 is an interior view of the" lock when in locked position;` Fig. 2, asimilar view of the same when in unlocked position; Fig. 3, a section through the line I-II of Fig. 1. Figs. 4,- 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are details or' detached parts of the lock, whichA will be described hereafter.

In all these figures the same' letters of reference are marked on like parts.

A-A is the lock case.

a, a, a4 are projections on the case, receivn the screws by which the top pl'ate' A of the ock case is fastened to the same.

B is the bolt; b b, blocks on the case for guiding the bolt.

C is a three-armed follower, of which Fig. 4 is a erspective view. It is operated by a wrenc D (indicated by dotted ines in Fig. 4).

E is the tumbler-box, which is movable and is guided between the rib c, projection a and stud d, all of which parts are firmly connected or cast on the case A, A.

e, e, are the tumbler plates.

\ ff are separating plates between the tumbler plates. There are two of each of these plates shown separately in Fig. 5, and the whole set of plates, together with their sliding box E, are shown in the perspective view (Fig. 6), and also a section thereof taken through the line IIL-IV, (Figs. 1 and 3) is shown in Fig. 7.

The tumblers e and plates f are kept by the box E, but they are allowed to slide on the same, as will be shown hereafter; they are guided by the tongue g and the pins h, h, which parts are rmly attached to the box.

H is the key, forming a double bit plate, as shown in the perspective view thereof in Fig. 8. Fig. 9 shows the key hole (k), which corresponds to the shape of the key.

i, i, are the bits of the key, cut in to more or less depth at random.

Z, Z are openings through the tumbler plates e and mtermediate p ates f, through vhlich the'V key passes when inserted into the m, m, are prolongations of the o enings l, l', of uniform length and nearly ialf as wide asL the openings l, l', and cut out alternately on the one or the other side of said openings, as is clearly shown in Fig. 5.

n, n', areslots cut in the tumbler plates e, e.

They are of similar circular shape, but are cut in at different places in relation to each other, so= as not to fit on or correspond to each other when the tumbler plates are in one range (as shown inr Figs'. 6 and 1). These differences in their relativelocation are such as tor correspond to the differences of the depth towhich the bit notches i, i, of the `key are cut' in such a manner that when the g tumbler plates are acted upon by the key the said slots n, n, are brou ht in one line, when the hook o of the follower isA allowed to enter the same (asis shown in Fig. 2), which allows thefollower to draw the bolt back or to unlock the same, as will be more fully set `forthl hereafter.

The arran ement of the three-armed follower C, boltilS and box E, in relation to each other, isas follows: The arm` q of the follower C, passing under the bolt, projects at its extremity into the opening p of the bolt, and the arm r sets (when the lock is in its locked position) into the notch s of the slid- `ing tumbler box E. The arm t forms at its extremity the circular hook Q1,which enters `into the slots rn, of the tumbler plates when prevented from entering into the slots n of the same, unless all the tumbler lates are brought into such a position that t eir slots are a l precisely opposite the butt-end of the hook '0. If this 1s the case the follower7 is allowed to be moved farther on, until the hook has fully entered the slots. By this continued motion of the follower the bolt is drawn back by being acted upon by the arm g. If however the tumbler plates were not in the position as to allow the hooks Yto enter the slots n, n, the butt end of the hook v would strike the tumbler plates and prevent thus the follower from being moved that portion of its revolution which produces the motion of the bolt. Now in order to bring the tumbler plates into the required position in relation to the hook '0, the key H has to be inserted into the lock before the follower C is moved any (viz., when the lock is in the position as shownin Fig. l). The key being inserted and the tumbler box, together with the set of tumblers e, e, being moved forward (by turnin the follower,) each of the tumblers will stri e its respective bit fi, i, of the key, and will be kept back thereby,V more or less, according -to the depth of the respective bits. Now the bits being made to correspond properly with the position of their respective slots n, n, as above stated, they cause each one of the tumblers to be arrested in such a manner that all the slots come precisely in one range opposite the hook o, whereby the follower is allowed to combine its motion and to draw the bolt back, as above shown.

The arrangement of the sliding tumbler box E, carryin the tumblers, as described, forms one of t e princi al features of my improvement. `It has t e advantage that thereby the use of springs, which are commonly used to act on the tumblers, is dispensed with, and that it simplifies the construction and produces an easy and yet sure operation of the arts.

In locking or t rowing the bolt forward (by turning the follower in reversed direction) the sliding box E is also thrown back again by the arm r and the tumbler plates, in striking in their return vmotion therewith the stud d, are pushed thereby into their original position again (as shown in Fig. l.)

The bitsV (i) of the key II are cut out in such a manner in relation to the set of plates (e, e, and f, f) that each of the bits, though it arrests its respective tumbler plate e as described, will not operate on any of the intermediate plates f, f. Thereby these key. This arrangement makes the lock highly burglar-proof, as it is thereby made very diflicult to have access to and operate on the tumblers by means of any wire or other instrument. The ordinary method of picking the lock, by trying the tumblers can therefore not be practiced herein, and the difficulty of picking the described lock is further increased by the peculiar arrangement of the key in forming a double bitplate. This requires that the trying of the tumblers, in .attempting to pick the lock, has to be done on the two sides of the key hole, which renders the operation greatly more complicated and difficult.

Having thus fully described my improved safe lock, what I claim herein as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The sliding tumbler box E, carrying the tumblers e, e, which by the sliding motion of the box are brought'into contact with the bits of the key, when arranged and constructed substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The three-armed follower7 C, when arranged, constructed and operating on, and in combination with the tumbler box E, bolt B and tumblers e, e, with their slots n, n, substantially as, and for the purpose herein set forth.

I am aware that bit plates of various shapes are used and a well known device, but the same have been in all cases simple. I do not claim these, but,

3. The key I-I when constructed so as to form a double bit plate, and operating on the tumblers in the manner, substantially as herein described.

LUDWIG BAIER. Witnesses:

P. II. LAUFMAN, AND. M. MASTER. 

